![]() ![]() The mouse Txnrd1 gene is located on chromosome 10 and yields a cDNA sequence approximately 3200 bp long. In this study, we focus upon the cytosolic form of mouse thioredoxin reductase (mTR1) and human thioredoxin reductase (hTR1). TGR, previously known as the novel form of thioredoxin reductase (or TR2) functions as a Trx and GSSG reductase. TR3 is the mitochondrial form and is also known as TrxR2. TR1 was the first thioredoxin reductase to be characterised and is known as the cytosolic form. Presently, there are three recognised forms of mammalian thioredoxin reductase: TR1, TR3 and TGR, that share a similar domain organisation and all contain selenocysteine. The reduced form of Trx is maintained by TR, an enzyme that contains a redox active disulphide group and a FAD molecule that uses the reducing power of NADPH. This system is involved in many cellular functions including synthesis of deoxyribonucleotides, redox control of transcription factors, protection against oxidative stress, cell growth and cancer. The thioredoxin system is comprised of thioredoxin (Trx) and thioredoxin reductase (TR) and plays an important role in maintaining the redox state of the cell. The mouse and human promoters share some conserved sequences. The human and mouse thioredoxin reductase 1 gene organisation is highly conserved and both genes exhibit alternative splicing at the 5' end. Genomic DNA sequences upstream of mouse exon 1 were compared to the human promoter to identify conserved elements. These isoforms differ at the 5' end and encode putative proteins of different molecular mass. We also analysed the alternative splicing patterns displayed by the mouse and human thioredoxin reductase 1 genes and mapped the different mRNA isoforms with respect to genomic organisation. The human TXNRD1 gene spans 100 kb of genomic DNA organised into 16 exons and the mouse Txnrd1 gene has a similar exon/intron arrangement. In this study we elucidated the genomic organisation of the mouse ( Txnrd1) and human thioredoxin reductase 1 genes ( TXNRD1) through library screening, restriction mapping and database mining. Presently there are three recognised forms of mammalian thioredoxin reductase designated as TR1, TR3 and TGR, that represent the cytosolic, mitochondrial and novel forms respectively. Thioredoxin reductase (TR) is a redox active protein involved in many cellular processes as part of the thioredoxin system. ![]()
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |